October 21, 2012

Signs and symptoms of head and neck cancer


The signs and symptoms of head and neck cancer may include a lump or wound that does not heal, a sore throat that does not go away, difficulty swallowing, and change or hoarseness in the voice. These symptoms may also be caused by other, less serious conditions. Important to check with your doctor or dentist about any of these symptoms.

More information about symptoms and risk factors for developing cancer in different regions of the head and neck are listed in the following table:
Kepala dan Leher Kanker
Jenis
Gejala
Faktor Risiko
Oral cavity: Includes lip, the front two-thirds of the tongue, gums, lining inside the cheeks and lips, the floor (bottom) in the mouth under the tongue, hard palate (top of the mouth), and a small area of the gums behind the wisdom teeth.
A white or red patch on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth, swelling of the jaw that causes dentures to fit poorly or become uncomfortable, and abnormal bleeding or pain in the mouth.
Alcohol or tobacco use. Poor oral hygiene and tooth loss may be a weak risk factor for oral cancer. The use of a mouthwash that has a high alcohol content is a factor, perhaps, but not proven risk.

Immigrants from Southeast Asia who use paan (betel quid) in the mouth should be aware that this habit has been strongly associated with an increased risk of oral cancer.

Consumption of mate, as usual tea beverage consumed by South Americans, has been associated with increased risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and larynx.
Pharynx: The pharynx is a hollow tube about 5 inches long that starts behind the nose and leads to the esophagus. There are three parts:

o Nasopharyngeal. The upper part of the pharynx, behind the nose.

o oropharynx. The middle of the pharynx, including the soft palate (the back of the mouth), the base of the tongue, and tonsils.
o hypopharynx. section
  •  bawah faring.
Difficulty breathing or talking; pain on swallowing, pain in the neck or throat that does not go away; frequent headaches, pain, or ringing in the ears, or difficulty hearing.
Alcohol or tobacco use. Descendants of Asia, especially China, are risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer, along with Epstein-Barr virus infection, exposure to wood dust, and the consumption of preserved or marinated foods specified for children. HPV infection is also known to cause oropharyngeal cancer.
Larynx: The larynx, also called the voicebox, is a short path is formed by cartilage just below the pharynx in the neck. The larynx contains the vocal cords. It also has a small piece of tissue, called the epiglottis, which moves to cover the larynx to prevent food from entering the airways.
Pain when swallowing, or ear pain.
Alcohol or tobacco use. Certain industrial exposures, including exposure to asbestos and synthetic fibers, have been associated with cancer of the larynx, but the increased risk remains controversial. People working in certain occupations in the metal, construction, textiles, ceramics, logging, and the food industry may have an increased risk of laryngeal cancer.

Consumption of mate, as usual tea beverage consumed by South Americans, has been associated with increased risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and larynx.
Paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity: The paranasal sinuses are small empty spaces in the skull around the nose. Nasal cavity is an empty space in the nose.
Sinuses are blocked and unclear; chronic sinus infections that do not respond to treatment with antibiotics; bleeding through the nose, frequent headaches, swelling or other problems with the eyes, pain in upper teeth, or problems with dentures.
Some industrial exposures, such as wood or nickel dust or formaldehyde.
Salivary gland: The major salivary glands located at the base near the mouth and jaw bone. The salivary glands produce saliva.
Swelling under the chin or around the numbness, or paralysis of the jaw bone in the facial muscles, or pain in the face, chin, or neck that does not go away.
Radiation to the head and neck, for non-cancerous conditions or cancer.
Epstein-Barr virus infection.
 Occasionally, squamous cell cancer can be found in the lymph nodes in the upper neck when there is no evidence of cancer in other parts of the head and neck. When this happens, the cancer is called metastatic squamous neck cancer with unknown (occult) primary.
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Signs and symptoms of head and neck cancer


The signs and symptoms of head and neck cancer may include a lump or wound that does not heal, a sore throat that does not go away, difficulty swallowing, and change or hoarseness in the voice. These symptoms may also be caused by other, less serious conditions. Important to check with your doctor or dentist about any of these symptoms.

More information about symptoms and risk factors for developing cancer in different regions of the head and neck are listed in the following table:
Kepala dan Leher Kanker
Jenis
Gejala
Faktor Risiko
Oral cavity: Includes lip, the front two-thirds of the tongue, gums, lining inside the cheeks and lips, the floor (bottom) in the mouth under the tongue, hard palate (top of the mouth), and a small area of the gums behind the wisdom teeth.
A white or red patch on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth, swelling of the jaw that causes dentures to fit poorly or become uncomfortable, and abnormal bleeding or pain in the mouth.
Alcohol or tobacco use. Poor oral hygiene and tooth loss may be a weak risk factor for oral cancer. The use of a mouthwash that has a high alcohol content is a factor, perhaps, but not proven risk.

Immigrants from Southeast Asia who use paan (betel quid) in the mouth should be aware that this habit has been strongly associated with an increased risk of oral cancer.

Consumption of mate, as usual tea beverage consumed by South Americans, has been associated with increased risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and larynx.
Pharynx: The pharynx is a hollow tube about 5 inches long that starts behind the nose and leads to the esophagus. There are three parts:

o Nasopharyngeal. The upper part of the pharynx, behind the nose.

o oropharynx. The middle of the pharynx, including the soft palate (the back of the mouth), the base of the tongue, and tonsils.
o hypopharynx. section
  •  bawah faring.
Difficulty breathing or talking; pain on swallowing, pain in the neck or throat that does not go away; frequent headaches, pain, or ringing in the ears, or difficulty hearing.
Alcohol or tobacco use. Descendants of Asia, especially China, are risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer, along with Epstein-Barr virus infection, exposure to wood dust, and the consumption of preserved or marinated foods specified for children. HPV infection is also known to cause oropharyngeal cancer.
Larynx: The larynx, also called the voicebox, is a short path is formed by cartilage just below the pharynx in the neck. The larynx contains the vocal cords. It also has a small piece of tissue, called the epiglottis, which moves to cover the larynx to prevent food from entering the airways.
Pain when swallowing, or ear pain.
Alcohol or tobacco use. Certain industrial exposures, including exposure to asbestos and synthetic fibers, have been associated with cancer of the larynx, but the increased risk remains controversial. People working in certain occupations in the metal, construction, textiles, ceramics, logging, and the food industry may have an increased risk of laryngeal cancer.

Consumption of mate, as usual tea beverage consumed by South Americans, has been associated with increased risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and larynx.
Paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity: The paranasal sinuses are small empty spaces in the skull around the nose. Nasal cavity is an empty space in the nose.
Sinuses are blocked and unclear; chronic sinus infections that do not respond to treatment with antibiotics; bleeding through the nose, frequent headaches, swelling or other problems with the eyes, pain in upper teeth, or problems with dentures.
Some industrial exposures, such as wood or nickel dust or formaldehyde.
Salivary gland: The major salivary glands located at the base near the mouth and jaw bone. The salivary glands produce saliva.
Swelling under the chin or around the numbness, or paralysis of the jaw bone in the facial muscles, or pain in the face, chin, or neck that does not go away.
Radiation to the head and neck, for non-cancerous conditions or cancer.
Epstein-Barr virus infection.
 Occasionally, squamous cell cancer can be found in the lymph nodes in the upper neck when there is no evidence of cancer in other parts of the head and neck. When this happens, the cancer is called metastatic squamous neck cancer with unknown (occult) primary.