Estrogen is a female hormone produced by the ovaries-the ovaries (ovarian-ovarian). During the reproductive years, a woman's body encountered at high levels of estrogen. After menopause, the production of estrogen by the ovaries-the ovaries decreases. Estrogen is sometimes prescribed to treat some of the problems often associated with menopause, like hot (hot flashes), night sweats, and vaginal dryness. Estrogen has the added benefit of preventing bone thinning (osteoporosis). However, results from a large clinical trial of women receiving postmenopausal hormone therapy published in 2002 showed that the overall risks of estrogen plus progestin therapy exceeded the benefits of hormone therapy. Combination therapy with estrogen and progestin hormones have been shown to increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and blood clots.
High levels of estrogen through long periods also increases the risk of developing certain cancers of breast and womb. Estrogen stimulates the cells of breast and uterine lining to grow and divide. Breast cells which divide actively believed to have a possibility of greater DNA damage as well as a larger number of cells that already have DNA damage. A larger number of cells with DNA damage increases the risk of cancer development.
Women who have a start time of onset of menstruation early and late menopause are more likely to develop breast cancer than women with the early onset of menstruation when the late and early menopause. This difference is believed to be caused by a longer period of estrogen exposure in the first group.
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