I. INTRODUCTION
Cancer is one health problem in Indonesia. This disease develops more rapidly and is expected of every one million inhabitants there are 100 new cancer patients.
Cancer is a malignant disease that occurs when the body's cells hold a mutation into cancer cells which then grow rapidly and no longer pay attention to his duties as normal cells. Cancer is a division and normal cell growth that can not be controlled so that the rapid spread, which occurs from changes in cells that escape the normal regulatory mechanisms. These cells will damage body tissue that disrupts the function of affected organs.
Cancer is one health problem in Indonesia. This disease develops more rapidly and is expected of every one million inhabitants there are 100 new cancer patients.
Cancer is a malignant disease that occurs when the body's cells hold a mutation into cancer cells which then grow rapidly and no longer pay attention to his duties as normal cells. Cancer is a division and normal cell growth that can not be controlled so that the rapid spread, which occurs from changes in cells that escape the normal regulatory mechanisms. These cells will damage body tissue that disrupts the function of affected organs.
There are many theories about the occurrence of this disease, one of which is the free radical theory, in which excessive cell oxidation as a result of pollution (cigarette smoke, exhaust-gas plant, vehicles), or the use of chemical substances (eg food addictive substances) can cause mutations ; despite the body there is also a deterrent superoksidasi enzymes, and food / good diet can also provide vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants such as beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, and selenium.
II. SYMPTOMS
Cancer is often characterized by the presence kaheksia or syndrome that is characterized by clinical symptoms:
• Anorexia
• Changes in taste threshold soy sauce
• Weight loss
• Anemia
• Impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, fat
• Weak and underpowered
• Changes in immune function
Kaheksia cancer is found in 80% of patients suffering from advanced stages of malignancy and a cause of death> 20%. Each kaheksia cancer will provide a different result. Kaheksia mechanism in cancer not as simple as hunger, calorie intake is lower than the requirement; but there are also metabolic disorder. Metabolic disorder that occurs in cancer is influenced kaheksia dn triggers the release of cytokines other kaheksia produced by the tumor and the body itself.
III. NUTRITION FOR CANCER PREVENTION OF GUT
As we realize there are several factors that together determine how people choose their food, among others:
• Pleasure and displeasure (food like and dislike)
• Habit (food habits)
• The purchasing power and availability of food (purchasing power and food availability)
• Self-actualization (selt actualization)
• Religion
• Psychological
• Consideration of nutrition and health
The main task of the colon (large intestine) as one of the digestive tract, in addition to food waste storage areas that will be issued, is also a place of absorption of water, electrolytes, and various bile acids. If the function it could lead to impaired colonic absorption of remaining nutrient disorders that are not absorbed by the small intestine.
Several precautions can be taken to inhibit the formation of cancer cells is the pattern of life (behavior) healthy, among others, by arranging the daily diet.
Nutritional diet balanced with energy, protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A plays a role in maintaining immunity. Lack of nutrients that will paralyze the immune system and ultimately the body is unable to stem the carcinogens (cancer-forming cells).
Consuming foods with low fat content and high in fiber can inhibit the occurrence of cancer. In addition to harmful substances, the nutritional content of certain foods there are nutrients that act as antikarsinogen substances, ie substances that are protective (protecting a person who consumes the incidence of cancer).
Some types of food that contain antioxidants to stimulate the immune among others fiber, beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin R, selenium, and other vitamins that can fight free radicals, present in food that belong to this group:
• Fibers from vegetable food can be digested is important to draw the water surrounding the blood vessels, thereby soften the stool and encourage the efficient expenditure through the intestines. Food sources that contain fiber are whole grains, skin and flesh of fruits and vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower, spinach, etc.).
• Beta-carotene is widely available in yellow vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes.
• Vitamin C is stored in many fruits such as oranges, guava, etc..
• Vitamin E contained in vegetable oils, corn, cereals, green leafy vegetables, fruits.
• Selenium is found in meat, shellfish, cereals.
• Folic acid can be obtained from the consumption of green vegetables (broccoli, spinach, asparagus), seeds, liver, peas, beans.
• Calcium plays a role in the process of proliferation (proliferation) of cells in the mucosal lining of the colon (large intestine) human, therefore input calcium (Ca) which is high enough to reduce the occurrence of colon cancer. This substance is widely available in milk, yogurt, cheese, spinach, broccoli.
• Vitamin B3 (niacin) in chickens, fish, beans, lean meat, eggs, avocado.
• Vitamin D is in active form can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, we get a lot of butter, milk, egg yolks, liver, rice, fish.
• Zinc (zinc) are widely found in animal foods such as meat, chicken, eggs, grains, bread, milk.
• Alkylglyserol in shark oil, shark cartilage, is an angiogenesis factor that prevents the formation of new blood in the spread of cancer cells.
• Omage 3 derived from fish oil.
• Some plant extracts such as bromelain (pineapple), garlic, onions, lentils, and shiitake mushrooms.
A Few Things to Look For and Avoid:
• Heating / cooking vegetables for too long in high temperatures.
• Fry foods can lead to substance trans fatty acids.
• Repeated use of oil / cooking contain free radicals such as peroxides, epioksida which are carcinogenic and mutagenic, transforming normal cells into malignant.
• Food contaminated by the fungus Aspergillus flavus that produces aflatoxin on nuts like rotten, expired cheese, also are carcinogenic.
• When cooking meat, will form a compound HCA (heterocyclic amines amines) which appear during the process of browning / browning, the fewer HCAs formed more healthy meat to eat.
• Grilling food is better than frying.Cancer is often characterized by the presence kaheksia or syndrome that is characterized by clinical symptoms:
• Anorexia
• Changes in taste threshold soy sauce
• Weight loss
• Anemia
• Impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, fat
• Weak and underpowered
• Changes in immune function
Kaheksia cancer is found in 80% of patients suffering from advanced stages of malignancy and a cause of death> 20%. Each kaheksia cancer will provide a different result. Kaheksia mechanism in cancer not as simple as hunger, calorie intake is lower than the requirement; but there are also metabolic disorder. Metabolic disorder that occurs in cancer is influenced kaheksia dn triggers the release of cytokines other kaheksia produced by the tumor and the body itself.
III. NUTRITION FOR CANCER PREVENTION OF GUT
As we realize there are several factors that together determine how people choose their food, among others:
• Pleasure and displeasure (food like and dislike)
• Habit (food habits)
• The purchasing power and availability of food (purchasing power and food availability)
• Self-actualization (selt actualization)
• Religion
• Psychological
• Consideration of nutrition and health
The main task of the colon (large intestine) as one of the digestive tract, in addition to food waste storage areas that will be issued, is also a place of absorption of water, electrolytes, and various bile acids. If the function it could lead to impaired colonic absorption of remaining nutrient disorders that are not absorbed by the small intestine.
Several precautions can be taken to inhibit the formation of cancer cells is the pattern of life (behavior) healthy, among others, by arranging the daily diet.
Nutritional diet balanced with energy, protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A plays a role in maintaining immunity. Lack of nutrients that will paralyze the immune system and ultimately the body is unable to stem the carcinogens (cancer-forming cells).
Consuming foods with low fat content and high in fiber can inhibit the occurrence of cancer. In addition to harmful substances, the nutritional content of certain foods there are nutrients that act as antikarsinogen substances, ie substances that are protective (protecting a person who consumes the incidence of cancer).
Some types of food that contain antioxidants to stimulate the immune among others fiber, beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin R, selenium, and other vitamins that can fight free radicals, present in food that belong to this group:
• Fibers from vegetable food can be digested is important to draw the water surrounding the blood vessels, thereby soften the stool and encourage the efficient expenditure through the intestines. Food sources that contain fiber are whole grains, skin and flesh of fruits and vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower, spinach, etc.).
• Beta-carotene is widely available in yellow vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes.
• Vitamin C is stored in many fruits such as oranges, guava, etc..
• Vitamin E contained in vegetable oils, corn, cereals, green leafy vegetables, fruits.
• Selenium is found in meat, shellfish, cereals.
• Folic acid can be obtained from the consumption of green vegetables (broccoli, spinach, asparagus), seeds, liver, peas, beans.
• Calcium plays a role in the process of proliferation (proliferation) of cells in the mucosal lining of the colon (large intestine) human, therefore input calcium (Ca) which is high enough to reduce the occurrence of colon cancer. This substance is widely available in milk, yogurt, cheese, spinach, broccoli.
• Vitamin B3 (niacin) in chickens, fish, beans, lean meat, eggs, avocado.
• Vitamin D is in active form can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, we get a lot of butter, milk, egg yolks, liver, rice, fish.
• Zinc (zinc) are widely found in animal foods such as meat, chicken, eggs, grains, bread, milk.
• Alkylglyserol in shark oil, shark cartilage, is an angiogenesis factor that prevents the formation of new blood in the spread of cancer cells.
• Omage 3 derived from fish oil.
• Some plant extracts such as bromelain (pineapple), garlic, onions, lentils, and shiitake mushrooms.
A Few Things to Look For and Avoid:
• Heating / cooking vegetables for too long in high temperatures.
• Fry foods can lead to substance trans fatty acids.
• Repeated use of oil / cooking contain free radicals such as peroxides, epioksida which are carcinogenic and mutagenic, transforming normal cells into malignant.
• Food contaminated by the fungus Aspergillus flavus that produces aflatoxin on nuts like rotten, expired cheese, also are carcinogenic.
• When cooking meat, will form a compound HCA (heterocyclic amines amines) which appear during the process of browning / browning, the fewer HCAs formed more healthy meat to eat.
• Boil slowly with a gradual heat, steam, cook in oven, practically does not produce HCA, so highly recommended.
• Restrict intake of red meat to less than 3x per week, instead we can eat white meat like fish, poultry, chicken.
• Increased consumption of vegetables and fruits up to 5 times a day, consuming low-calorie vegetables, but many contain fiber like salad of cucumber, tomato, sprouts, cabbage. Vegetables containing natural antioxidants (carrots, broccoli) can be consumed more frequently, if necessary, made juice.
• Increase fiber intake by consuming foods containing whole cereals (corn, oatmeal, green beans) or gelatin, fro, grass jelly, basil, and seaweed.
• Label food packaging should be considered to see the nutritional content, especially fat.
• Consumption of beverages such as green tea, soy milk, turmeric, tamarind, it can be done to get the nutritious content of phytochemicals.
IV. CLOSING
Many factors can lead to colon cancer, in addition to genetic factors, environmental, life style which includes also a less healthy diet with high intake of fat in daily consumption.
To prevent this, among others through a healthy diet with balanced nutrition as needed, good carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. We recommend that we consume in a day at least 10 kinds, food (staple food, animal dishes, vegetable side dishes, mixed vegetables and fruit, if necessary, add milk), avoid foods that are less clean (both from microorganisms as well as in handling). In addition we must be wary of foods that are outdated and undue attention to processing. And no less important is regular exercise appropriate physical condition to help nourish us.
If we want to admit the truth of the opinion that health is not everything, but without health everything is nothing, and if the drug is seen as the basis for the nutrition therapy should be considered as a basis for healing, nutrition and health considerations would be our place in the first place. (Eko Dwi Martini, DCN / rumahkanker.com)
